Mastitis caused by bacterial infection has negative impacts on milk quality and animal health,\nand ultimately causes economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. Gram-negative bacteria\nand their component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can trigger the inflammatory response of endothelial\ncells (ECs) and subsequently promote EC dysfunction or injury, which is a critical pathogenesis of\nmastitis-causing sepsis shock. To control the bacterial infection and to minimise the LPS negative\neffects on ECs, we thus aimed to identify the potential herb extracts that comprised antibacterial\nactivity and protective ability to inhibit LPS-induced cell death. Extracts from seven types of herbs\nderived from antibacterial screening were investigated for their protective effects on LPS-stimulated\nbovine endothelial cell line. Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau (C. nutans) extract appeared to\nbe the most effective antiapoptotic extract against LPS stimulation. Treatment of C. nutans extract\nin LPS-stimulated cells significantly lowered apoptotic cell death through modulating pro-survival\nBcl-2 and pro-apoptotic Bax expression. The investigation of bioactive compounds using solvent\nfractionation, HPLC, and LC-MS/MS analysis revealed glyceryl 1,3-disterate (C39H76O5), kaempferol\n3-O-feruloyl-sophoroside 7-O-glucoside (C43H48O24), and hydroxypthioceranic acid (C46H92O3) as\nthe candidate components. Our findings indicated that C. nutans extract has great potential to be\nfurther developed as an alternative therapeutic agent for mastitis treatment.
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